Percentage Calculator
Three everyday percentage questions in one place — discounts, raises, grades and price changes.
X is what percent of Y?
Percent change from X to Y
How it's calculated
X% of Y = X ÷ 100 × Y. X as a percent of Y = X ÷ Y × 100. Percent change = (new − old) ÷ |old| × 100; a positive result is an increase, negative a decrease. Note that a 50% drop followed by a 50% rise does not get you back to the start — percent changes are relative to different bases.
Questions & answers
How do I calculate a discount?
Use "What is X% of Y?" with the discount as X and the price as Y to get the savings; subtract it from the price for the sale price. 25% off $80 is $20 off, so you pay $60.
What is the difference between percent and percentage points?
If a rate goes from 4% to 5%, it rose 1 percentage point, but 25 percent (1 ÷ 4). The percent-change calculator gives the second figure.
How do I reverse a percentage increase?
Divide by (1 + the rate). A price of $108 after an 8% increase was $108 ÷ 1.08 = $100 before.
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